The most common way a search engine is used is by putting words you are likely to find in your results in the search box. Those are called keywords. The same applies to using databases. Databases are actually set up to use keyword searches. The keywords can be any string of letters that you type into the search box, which the database then looks for in all of its records. The database can't understand English, so it just matches the string of letters. There are specific "operators" you can use to make keyword searching more effective.
Say you wanted to search for swine flu. If I just type that in it will return results that find swine in one part of the article and flu in another. A solution is to put quotes around phrases so the it is considered (searched for) as one word:
"swine flu".
Another tip is to think up as many synonyms for your concepts as you can, then join them with the operator OR, then put that in parenthesis:
("swine flu" OR H1N1).
Now if I wanted to see what the connection swine flu would have with respiratory complications or pneumonia, these two concepts can be joined by the operator AND.
("swine flu" OR H1N1) AND ("respiratory infections" OR pneumonia)
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